Grain legumes can be very well integrated into crop rotation as they do not place any special demands on the previous crop. Cultivation is particularly recommended for barley, silage or grain maize. After potatoes or sugar beets, cultivation is also possible in principle, but the legumes cannot make optimum use of the high preceding crop effect of these crops. In the cultivation of rape before legumes, the risk of infestation with botrytis and sclerotinia is significantly increased and is therefore not sensible.
Growing legumes after legumes cannot be recommended because of the high self-incompatibility. This applies on the one hand to the same species, and on the other hand to cultivation on adjoining areas. Furthermore, the use of legume catch crops in crop rotations containing legumes should be avoided. The recommended breaks in cultivation are for peas for 6-9 years, for field beans 4-7 years, for lupines 5-7 years and for soybeans 1-5 years. If these cultivation breaks are not observed, growing depression, loss of yield and quality, and reduced nitrogen fixation performance present a serious risk.
Winter wheat and maize, as well as triticale, winter barley and winter rye, are suitable as a subsequent crop to the grain legumes. The cultivation of sugar beet and rapeseed following legumes is not recommended because of the common host spectrum of different pests.
Soil cultivation should be avoided as far as possible after harvesting so that the nitrogen produced by the legumes can be absorbed as efficiently as possible by the subsequent crop. An appropriate alternative in the case that early sowing of the subsequent crop is not possible is the cultivation of a highly nitrogen-consuming intermediate crop such as oil radish.