Practice Abstract 63 - Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars for improving yield stability in Lithuania

Short title (in English): 
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars for improving yield stability in Lithuania

Short summary for practitioners (in English): 
Pea (Pisum sativum L.,) is one of worldwide grown legumes as a cool-season grain legume and during the last decade more and more attention has been payed to multifunctional benefits of crop.
Pea is cultivated for a lot of purpose, however main practice in Nordic/Baltic countries as sources of proteins and nitrogen for subsequent crops in cropping systems. However, it isn’t easy to obtain a high and stable pea yield, in both conventional and ecological farming systems and despite the benefits of peas, their management is complicated and reliance for their contribution in cropping systems is to low. Pea productivity is highly dependent on management practices and pedo-climatic conditions, and some drawbacks in cultivation technologies are very difficult to mitigate. Serious damage can be caused by diseases like ascochyta blight, although in conventional farming can be used measures to mitigate the effects, but this is particularly difficult to regulate in organic farming systems. Breeding of new varieties focused on their mitigate these disadvantages. Farmers can choose from a list of registered varieties. The variety is important contributer to pea yield stability and for enhancing field pea yield stability, especially varities which are adapted to the local climate and conditions. Several varieties on the list are Lithuanian. The growing seasons are changable in temperature and moisture conditions, therefore differences in yield and agrobiological traits among varieties usually observed. However farmers can expect better disease resistance and higher productivity by choosing newer varieties of peas for both conventional and organic farming systems.

Short title (native language): 
Lauko žirni? (Pisum sativum L.) veisl?s derlingumo stabilumui gerinti Lietuvoje

Short summary for practitioners (native language): 
Žirniai (Pisum sativum L.) yra vieni iš visame pasaulyje auginam? pupini? augal?, kaip šalto klimato augalai. Per pastar?j? dešimtmet? vis daugiau d?mesio buvo skiriama daugiafunkcinei pas?li? naudai. Žirniai auginami ?vairiais tikslais, ta?iau pagrindin? praktika Šiaur?s ir Baltijos šalyse yra kaip baltym? ar azoto šaltiniai. Ta?iau n?ra lengva gauti didel? ir stabil? žirni? derlingum? tiek ?prastoje, tiek ekologiškoje ?kininkavimo sistemose ir, nepaisant žirni? naudos, j? auginimas yra sud?tingas, o pasitik?jimas j? ind?liu pas?li? sistemose yra menkas. Žirni? produktyvumas labai priklauso nuo praktikos, taikomos technologijos ir pedo-klimatini? s?lyg?, o kai kuriuos auginimo technologij? tr?kumus labai sunku sušvelninti. Rimt? žal? gali sukelti ligos, nors ?prastame ?kininkavime gali b?ti naudojamos priemon?s poveikiui sušvelninti, ta?iau tai ypa? sunku reguliuoti ekologin?s žemdirbyst?s sistemose. Kuriant naujas veisles paprastai telkiamas d?mesys ? tr?kumus. ?kininkai gali rinktis iš registruot? veisli? s?rašo. Veisl? yra svarbus ind?lis ? žirni? derlingum? ir lauko žirni? derliaus stabilum?, ypa? veisli?, pritaikyt? prie vietos klimato ir s?lyg?. Kelios s?raše esan?ios veisl?s yra lietuviškos. Augimo sezonai yra skirtingi temperat?ros ir dr?gm?s s?lygomis, tod?l paprastai pastebimi derliaus ir agrobiologini? savybi? skirtumai tarp veisli?. Ta?iau ?kininkai gali tik?tis geresnio atsparumo ligoms ir didesnio produktyvumo, pasirinkdami naujesnes žirni? veisles tiek ?prastai, tiek ekologiškai ?kininkaujant.
Ref: https://www.lammc.lt/data/public/uploads/2021/05/rekomendacijos_2021.pdf
: Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, zydre.kadziuliene@lammc.lt